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Network Diagnostics Framework in Windows Vista
Tuesday, July 18th, 2006
Network connectivity is an expected and required capability of modern computers. However, 
relatively few users of computers have detailed knowledge of how computer networking works and what to do to correct problems. Unfortunately, error messages in Windows and Windows-based applications in many cases only indicate that there is a problem, not the actual root cause of the problem or how to correct it.
Successfully understanding and diagnosing network connectivity problems is complicated by the fact that computer networking has a layered architecture and consists of many protocols and services that work together. Examples of layered architectures are the 7-layer Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model and the 4-layer Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) protocol suite. Components at a given layer rely on components functioning correctly at lower layers in the stack. A failure in a component of a layer can affect the functionality of all the layers above it.
An additional element to diagnosing problems is that some components have their own diagnostics, which can work well for their own component, but are not integrated across components to provide an integrated function. It is often left up to the user, helpdesk support person, or network troubleshooter to determine the relationships between components and determine the root cause of the problem. This can be a difficult and time-consuming process for users, helpdesk staff, and Microsoft support personnel. Network Diagnostics Framework in Windows Vista
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